These standards guide the development of Kayangan Leaks and the preparation of future reporting.
Facts, claims and findings
We distinguish independently established facts, documentary evidence, court findings, allegations and attributed claims. An allegation is not presented as a proven fact. Reporting from another publication is credited and its verification limits made clear.
Analysis and opinion
Analysis explains the reasoning drawn from evidence and identifies inferences and uncertainties. Opinion presents an argument and is labelled accordingly. Neither format changes the verification status of an underlying claim.
Sources and documents
Relevant sources should be linked where possible. Document notes identify provenance, dates, relevant pages and limitations. A record is described according to what it supports, rather than what a reader might infer from its existence.
Responses and fairness
Reporting involving significant allegations should provide a meaningful opportunity to respond. The article should accurately explain the response and any outstanding questions.
Corrections and updates
Material errors should be corrected visibly. Substantive updates should state what changed and when. A reader may raise a specific correction in the relevant article’s comments where comments are available; public comments should not include confidential source material.
Images and illustration
Photographs and graphics should have accurate captions and verified credits. Illustrative images should not imply that a pictured person, place or project is connected to misconduct. sample thumbnails are explicitly identified as illustrative.
Design sample
Articles marked sample are design samples. Their text and imagery must be replaced or reviewed before they are used as actual reporting.